Utilization of Filter Cigarette Butts Waste as a Porous Lightweight Concrete Mixture Material

Abstract

The global accumulation of non-biodegradable filter cigarette butt (CB) waste constitutes a significant environmental pollutant. This research explores the innovative utilization of this hazardous waste as a mixture material for the production of porous lightweight concrete. The objective is to evaluate the feasibility of incorporating CBs to enhance porosity and reduce density, while assessing the impact on mechanical strength. An experimental laboratory method was employed, creating several concrete mixes with varying percentages of treated CBs (e.g., 0%, 5%, 10%) as a partial substitute for fine aggregate. The resulting specimens were tested for key physical and mechanical properties, including density, porosity, water permeability, and compressive strength. The results indicate a clear correlation: as the percentage of CBs increases, the concrete's density progressively decreases, confirming its lightweight characteristics. Furthermore, porosity and permeability significantly increase, achieving the desired porous structure. This, however, is accompanied by a reduction in compressive strength. This study concludes that CB waste is a viable material for producing non-structural porous lightweight concrete, suitable for applications like drainage blocks or acoustic panels, offering a sustainable solution for managing cigarette butt pollution.